Simple and complicated breast cysts are two related types of fluid-filled sacs that can develop in breast tissue. Simple cysts are the more common type and are benign. These cysts are typically round or oval, with thin walls and clear fluid inside. Simple cysts are often discovered incidentally during routine breast imaging, such as mammograms or ultrasounds. They can also be a benign cause of a breast lump. While they are harmless and do not increase the risk of breast cancer, they can cause discomfort or pain. Simple cysts can be aspirated, a procedure in which the fluid is drained using a fine needle, providing relief from symptoms and confirming the benign nature of the cyst.
Complicated breast cysts exhibit features that differentiate them from simple cysts. This may include thickened walls or the presence of debris or solid components within the cyst. While most complicated cysts are also benign, their characteristics can make differentiation from solid or suspicious lesions difficult. Further diagnostic evaluation, such as additional imaging or biopsy, may be recommended to assess the cyst and determine the appropriate course of action. Management of complicated breast cysts often involves close monitoring and, in some cases, aspiration, biopsy, or excision to rule out the possibility of malignancy.
Both simple and complicated breast cysts are very common and rarely problematic, however accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are essential.
Your Hoag gynecologist or OB/GYN and primary care provider are your wellness partners. They will help guide you through scheduling proper diagnostic tests such as a mammogram, ultrasound and/or biopsy.