Both premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are collections of physical and behavioral symptoms some women experience before their menstrual period. Fluctuations in hormones during your menstrual cycle can cause a cascade of symptoms. However, PMDD is a more severe, and sometimes disabling, form of premenstrual syndrome PMS. It is a medical condition that requires attention and treatment.
Symptoms of both PMDD and PMS include:
Bloating
Breast tenderness
Fatigue
Changes in sleep and eating habits
Nausea
Constipation
Backaches
Headaches
Pelvic heaviness or pressure
Abdominal cramping
In PMDD, symptoms may also include:
Severe psychological symptoms (irritability, fatigue, forgetfulness) that disrupt daily life
Respiratory issues, such as allergies and infections
Vision changes or eye complaints
Aggravated skin disorders
Heart palpitation
Muscle spasms
According to the National Institutes of Health, nearly 90% of women in the United States experience uncomfortable symptoms before their periods. If these symptoms disrupt your daily life, reach out to your primary care physician, gynecologist or OB/GYN to find out if your PMS is actually PMDD.How is PMS treated?If PMS symptoms become severe enough to disrupt your life on a monthly basis, your doctor may recommend treatment options including:
Hormonal birth control
Supplements, including calcium, magnesium, or vitamin B6
Pain medication
Talk with your primary care physician, gynecologist or OB/GYN to discuss possible treatment options.
While any woman can develop PMDD, women with the following may be at increased risk:
A family history of PMS or PMDD
A personal or family history of depression, postpartum depression, or other mood disorders
A history of smoking
Your primary care physician, gynecologist or OB/GYN may recommend:
Antidepressants
Birth control pills
Nutritional supplements
Diet and lifestyle changes